90 exam-style questions on Thematic Study 3: Peace and conflict with answers and explanations. Six real samples below — the full set is free with an account.
Johan Galtung's term for violence built into unjust social structures, such as poverty or discrimination, is what?
Answer: Structural violence
Structural violence harms people indirectly through unequal institutions; direct violence is a visible physical act.
Galtung's 'cultural violence' refers to what?
Answer: Culture used to justify direct or structural violence
Cultural violence (religion, ideology, language, art) makes direct and structural violence appear acceptable or normal.
A conflict fought between two or more sovereign states is classified as what type?
Answer: Interstate conflict
Interstate conflict is between states; intrastate conflict occurs within a single state, such as a civil war.
An approach to justice that focuses on repairing harm and reconciling victims, offenders and the community is called what?
Answer: Restorative justice
Restorative justice emphasises healing and dialogue; retributive justice focuses on punishing offenders proportionately.
The use or threat of violence against civilians to create fear and achieve political aims is generally defined as what?
Answer: Terrorism
Terrorism deliberately targets civilians for political ends; its definition is contested ('one person's terrorist...').
A security arrangement in which states agree that an attack on one is an attack on all is best described as what?
Answer: Collective security
Collective security binds states to respond jointly to aggression, underpinning bodies like the UN and alliances.
90 Thematic Study 3: Peace and conflict questions — free with an account. Spaced repetition, streaks and full exam simulations included.
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